The Women in Finance series aims to highlight successful women across different areas of finance, public service, academia, and private sector. In our second event of the series, Professor Annamaria Lusardi will present the results of her research on gender differences in financial literacy: Our data, collected over many years, show that women are less financially literate than men. It is unclear whether this gap reflects a lack of knowledge or, rather, a lack of confidence. We show that women tend to disproportionately respond do not know to questions measuring financial knowledge, but when this response option is unavailable, they often choose the correct answer. We estimate that about one-third of the financial literacy gender gap can be explained by women’s lower confidence levels. These estimates matter; both financial knowledge and confidence can be linked to stock market participation.